교과서 Material：
유기음화. [유기음화] to [유으뫄]. yu-gi-eum-hwa to yu-gi-eu-mwa.
ㅎ Aspiration.
해설 Commentary：
유기음화 = 유기음 (Aspirated sound) + 화 (to become).
유기음화 [yu-gi-eu-mwa] is one of the Korean sound shifts.
In Korean, ㅊ [chi-eup], ㅋ [ki-eut], ㅌ [ti-eut], and ㅍ [pi-eup] are called 유기음 [yu-gi-eum] = Aspirated Consonants. Some textbooks teach 유기음 as Fortis or 거센소리 [geosen-sori], but they are the same thing.
ㅎ Aspiration occurs when ㅎ [hi-eut] and a plain consonant are next to each other. They combine and change into 유기음 = Aspirated Consonants.
For example, the English word Express Train is written as 급행 in Korean. Beginners might see this Hanguel 급행 and pronounce it as 그뱅 [geu-baeng]. This is incorrect. The correct pronunciation of 급행 is 그팽 [geu-paeng].
In this case, the ㅂ [bi-eup] in 급 and the ㅎ [hi-eut] in 행 are next to each other, so ㅎ Aspiration occurs. As a result, the plain consonant ㅂ [bi-eup] changes to the aspirated consonant ㅍ [pi-eup].
ㅎ Aspiration is a sound shift frequently used in Korean. It is, however, a common stumbling block for beginners after they have just learned Hangeul.
Example of 유기음화 ㅎ Aspiration：
급행. [급행] to [그팽]. geup-haeng to geu-paeng.
Express train.
급행 = 급(hurry) + 행(go).
급행 [geu-paeng] means Express Train in Korean.
급 [geup] means Hurry or Rapid, and 행 [haeng] means Go or Forward.
The correct pronunciation of 급행 is 그팽 [geu-paeng], and 급행 [geup-haeng] is incorrect. In this case, the ㅂ [bi-eup] in 급 and the ㅎ [hi-eut] in 행 are adjacent, so 유기음화 [yu-gi-eu-mwa] = ㅎ Aspiration occurs. As a result, the sound of 급행 becomes 그팽 [geu-paeng].
축하하다. [축하하다] to [추카하다]. chuk-ha-ha-da to chu-ka-ha-da.
To congratulate.
축하 = 축하(party) + 하다(to do).
축하하다 [chu-ka-ha-da] means To Congratulate in Korean.
축하 [chu-ka] means Party or Ceremony, and 하다 [ha-da] means To Do.
The correct pronunciation of 축하하다 is 추카하다 [chu-ka-ha-da], and 축하하다 [chuk-ha-ha-da] is incorrect. In this case, the ㄱ [gi-yeok] in 축 and the ㅎ [hi-eut] in 하 are adjacent, so 유기음화 [yu-gi-eu-mwa] = ㅎ Aspiration occurs. As a result, the sound of 축하하다 becomes 추카하다 [chu-ka-ha-da].
Related words of 유기음화 ㅎ Aspiration：
데이터 Data：
유기음화[yu-gi-eu-mwa] ㅎ Aspiration
DATA
소리[sori] Voice
DATA
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This page shows the basic words to start learning Korean and East Asian languages.
연구 Further study：
Yonsei Korean 1-1. Yonsei Language Institute.
Integrated Korean. Beginning 1. Young-Mee Cho. Univ of Hawaii Press.
Republic of Korea Ministry of Education (대한민국
교육부).
Japan Ministry of Education (文部科学省).
学習指導要領 生きる力. 2017.
People's Republic of China Ministry of Education (
中华人民共和国教育部). Tōngyòng Guīfàn Hànzì Biǎo (通用规范汉字表). 2013.
U.S. Department of Education.