교과서 Material：
Voice Words in Korean
Data PDF
해설 Commentary：
The next step after Hanguel is to pronounce Korean words. This page lists up Korean pronunciation terms such as 소리(sori), 발음(bareum), 평음(pyeongeum), 경음(gyeongeum), 격음(gyeogeum), 입술(ip-sul), and 혀(hyeo).
In order to help English speakers, we have added Hanguel, [phonetic Hanguel], Romaja and English translation.
데이터 Data：
소리. [소리]. soli. Sound, voice. Native Korean word.
예문: 소리를 내다.
Example: Make a sound.
음. [음]. eum. Sound.
Hanja.
Used as a component such as 음성 (sound) and 음악 (music).
In everyday conversation, people use the native Korean word 소리 (sori) when referring to sound or voice.
발음. [발음] to [바름]. bareum. Pronunciation.
Hanja word. 발음(pronunciation) = 발(shot) + 음(sound).
발음 is pronounced as [바름], not [발음]. This sound shift is called as 연음 (yeoneum) in Korean textbooks. English textbooks have translated 연음 (yeoneum) as Liason or Linking.
예문: 발음변화.
Example: Pronunciation change.
음성. [음성]. eumseong. Sound, voice.
Hanja word. 음성(sound) = 음(sound) + 성(voice).
Only used in academic writing.
모음. [모음]. mo-eum. Vowel.
Hanja word. 모음(vowel) = 모(mother) + 음(sound).
In modern Korean, ㅏ, ㅐ, ㅑ, ㅒ, ㅓ, ㅔ, ㅕ, ㅖ, ㅗ, ㅘ, ㅙ, ㅚ, ㅛ, ㅜ, ㅝ, ㅞ, ㅟ, ㅠ, ㅡ, ㅢ, and ㅣ are the vowels.
자음. [자음]. ja-eum. Consonant.
Hanja word. 자음 (consonant) = 자 (child) + 음 (sound).
In modern Korean, ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅇ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ, ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, and ㅉ are the consonants.
단모음. [단모음]. dan-mo-eum. Single vowel.
Hanja word. 단모음(single vowel) = 단(single) + 모(mother) + 음(sound).
In modern Korean, ㅏ, ㅐ, ㅓ, ㅔ, ㅗ, ㅜ, ㅡ, and ㅣ are the single vowels.
이중모음. [이중모음]. ijung-mo-eum. Double vowel.
Hanja word. 이중모음(double vowel) = 이(two) + 중(stack) + 모(mother) + 음(sound).
In modern Korean, ㅑ, ㅒ, ㅕ, ㅖ, ㅘ, ㅙ, ㅛ, ㅝ, ㅞ, ㅠ, and ㅢ are the double vowels.
반모음. [반모음]. ban-mo-eum. Half vowel.
Hanja word. 반모음(half vowel) = 반(half) + 모(mother) + 음(sound).
반모음[ban-mo-eum] refers to the "W" and "Y" parts of a double vowel. For example, the W sound of ㅘ (wa) is called 반모음[ban-mo-eum]. Or, the Y part of ㅑ (ya) is called 반모음[ban-mo-eum].
In modern Korean, 반모음(half vowel) + 단모음(single vowel) = 이중모음(double vowel).
평음. [평음]. pyeongeum. Plain sound. Lenis.
Hanja word. 평음 (plain sound) = 평 (plain) + 음 (sound).
Among the consonants, ㄱ[gi-yeok], ㄷ [di-geut], ㅂ[bi-eup], ㅅ[si-ot], and ㅈ[chi-eut] are 평음[pyeongeum].
ㅎ[hi-eut] is under discussion.
Koreans consider 평음[pyeongeum] to be a weak sound with the muscles relaxed.
경음. [경음]. gyeongeum. Tense sound.
Hanja word. 경음 (hard sound) = 경 (hard) + 음 (sound).
Among the consonants, ㄲ[ssang-gi-yeok], ㄸ[ssang-di-geut], ㅃ[ssang-bi-eup], ㅆ[ssang-si-ot], and ㅉ[ssang-chi-eut] are 경음[gyeongeum].
Koreans consider 경음[gyeongeum] to be a tense sound.
격음. [겨금]. gyeogeum. Aspirated sound. Fortis.
Hanja word. 격음 (Aspirated sound) = 격 (intense) + 음 (sound).
Among the consonants, ㅋ[ki-euk], ㅌ[ti-eut], ㅍ[pi-eup], and ㅊ[chi-eut] are 격음 [gyeogeum]. Koreans consider 격음[gyeogeum] to be intense sounds.
It is best for learners to first remember 격음[gyeogeum] as "breath-out sounds."
Some books teach that 격음[gyeogeum] are 유기음[yuseongeum].
예사소리. [예사소리]. yesa-soli. Plain sound.
예사소리 (plain sound) = 예사(usual) + 소리(sound).
예사소리[yesa-soli] has the same meaning as 평음[pyeongeum].
연음. [연음]to[여늠]. yeon-eum. Soft sound.
Hanja word. 연음 (soft sound) = 연(soft) + 음(sound).
연음[yeon-eum] has the same meaning as 평음[pyeongeum], but is only used in academic writing. In everyday conversation, koreans use 평음[pyeongeum] or 예사소리[yesa-soli].
Note that 연음 (soft sound) and 연음 (linking sound) are made of different hanja, 軟音 and 連音. They became, however, the same Hanguel and can be confusing.
된소리. [된소리]. doen-soli. Tense sound.
Native Korean word. 된소리 = 된 (tensed) + 소리 (sound).
된[daen] is the adnominal form of the adjective 되다[daeda]. 된소리 has the same meaning as 경음[gyeongeum].
거센소리. [거센소리]. geosen-soli. Aspirated sound.
Native Korean word. 거센소리 = 거센(fierce) + 소리(sound).
거센[geosen] is the adnominal form of the adjective 거세다[goseda].
거센소리[geosen-soli] has the same meaning as 격음[gyeogeum].
표현. [표현]. pyo-heon. Expression.
Hanja word. 표현(consonant) = 표(surface) + 현(present).
예문: 다양한 표현.
Example: Various expressions.
악센트. [악센트]. ak-seon-teu. Accent.
English-Hangul transcription.
예문: 고저 악센트.
Example: High-low accent.
장단음. [장다늠]. jang-dan-eum. Long and short sounds.
Hanja word. 장단음(long and short sounds) = 장(long) + 단(short) + 음(sound).
예문: 장단음 구별.
Example: Distinguish between long and short sounds.
상태. [상태]. sang-tae. Condition. State.
Hanja word. 상태(condition) = 상(phase) + 태(aspect).
입. [입]. ip. Mouth.
Native Korean word.
구. [구]. gu. Mouth.
Native Korean word.
입술. [입술]. ip-sul. Lips.
Native Korean word. 입 (mouth) + 술 (fringe).
혀. [혀]. hyeo. Tongue.
Native Korean word.
혀의 위치. [혀의 위치]. hyeo-e wichi. Tongue position.
혀의 위치 = 혀 (tongue) + 의 (of) + 위치 (position).
혀의 앞뒤. [혀의 압뛰]. hyeo-e apdwi. Tongue front–back.
혀의 앞뒤 = 혀 (tongue) + 의 (of) + 앞 (front) + 뒤 (back).
혀의 높이. [혀의 노피]. hyeo-e nopi. Tongue height.
혀의 높이 = 혀 (tongue) + 의 (of) + 높이 (height).
높이 = 높다 (high) + 이 (noun-forming suffix).
설. [설]. seol. Tongue.
Hanja. Used as a component such as 구설 (mouth tongue) and 후설 (throat tongue).
In everyday conversation, the native word 혀[hyo] refers to the tongue.
전설 모음. [천설 모음]. jeonseol mo-eum. Front tongue vowel.
Hanja word. 전설 모음 = 발음(front tongue) + 모음(vowel).
전설 모음(front vowels) are ㅣ, ㅔ, ㅐ, ㅟ, and ㅚ. In Korean textbooks, vowels are taught using 혀의위치 (tongue position) and 입술모양 (lip shape).
예문: 전설모음은 혀의 정점이 입안 앞쪽에 위치해서 발음하는 모음입니다.
Example: 전설모음 (front vowel) is a vowel pronounced with the tip of the tongue located at the front of the mouth.
후설 모음. [후설 모음]. huseol mo-eum. Back tongue vowel.
Hanja word. 후설 모음 = 후설(back tongue) + 모음(vowel).
후설 모음(back vowel) is ㅡ, ㅓ, ㅏ, ㅜ, and ㅗ.
예문:후설모음은 혀의 위치를 가장 뒤에서 발음하는 모음입니다.
Example: A back vowel (back vowel) is a vowel pronounced with the tongue at the very back.
원순. [원순]. wonsun. Rounded lip.
Hanja word. 원순 = 원(circle) + 순(lip).
English speakers say "stick out your lips" while Korean speakers say "round your lips."
예문:소리를 낼 때, 입술이 동그랗게 된다.
Example: When making a sound, make your lips rounded.
평순. [평순]. pyeongsun. Unrounded lip.
Hanja word. 평순 = 평(flat) + 순(lip).
평순(flat lip) is the natural state of the lips, not making 원순(Rounded lip).
예문:소리를 낼 때 입술을 동그랗게 말지 않는다.
Example: When making a sound, make your lips rounded.
성대. [성대]. song-dae. vocal cords.
Hanja word. 성대 = 성(voice) + 순(band).
이 페이지는 한국어와 동아시아 언어를 배우기 시작하는 기본 단어들을 보여줍니다.
This page shows the basic words to start learning Korean and East Asian languages.
연구 Further study：
Republic of Korea Ministry of Education (대한민국
교육부).
Japan Ministry of Education (文部科学省).
学習指導要領 生きる力. 2017.
People's Republic of China Ministry of Education (
中华人民共和国教育部). Tōngyòng Guīfàn Hànzì Biǎo (通用规范汉字表). 2013.
U.S. Department of Education.